We developed a HPAE-PAD method to assay fructose, glucose, and to measure the entire profile of di- and trisaccharides in honey. The separation was achieved on the CarboPac™ PA210-4μm column. Carbohydrate detection was by PAD with a gold working electrode and therefore no sample derivatization was required. In this work, honey sugars of 12 honey samples have been characterized and quantitated by HPAE-PAD. In addition, HPAE-PAD profiling was demonstrated as a method to study the adulteration of honey samples with commercial sugar syrups. An ICS-6000 can be used for this application.

Honey is defined by the Codex Alimentarius as the natural, sweet substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of plants or from secretions of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants, which the bees collect, transform by combining with specific substances of their own, deposit, dehydrate, store and leave in the honeycomb to ripen and mature. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection is commonly used to determine the carbohydrates in honey. This document evaluates CarboPac columns for that purpose.

Many biopharmaceutical formulations use carbohydrates to enhance the stability of proteins. This method is an example of a "heart-cut" 2D HPLC method, separating the carbohydrate analyte from the protein. The method uses two charge aerosol detectors, as an example, but one can be substituted by UV. Calibration for the Glucose is from 15.6 - 2000 ng o.c. If a second Corona Veo SD is used for the Protein, it uses the parameters described as "Veo SD".

In this technical note, we describe a procedure to screen sample matrices for their effect on peak area, peak height, and retention time. We demonstrate this procedure by testing ethanol for possible interferences in AAA-Direct. However, the method described here can also be used to evaluate any matrix component analyzed by chromatography with electrochemical detection. In this technical note, we use the term test sample (TS) to describe the specific test compound evaluated for possible interferences.

In many of the vaccines and other formulations that are used in the prevention and treatment of many conditions and illnesses contain carbohydrates, as a part of their formulation. Six carbohydrates were identified as important components in biotechnological formulations: sorbitol, mannitol, sucrose, lactose, maltose, and trehalose. These are separated by HILIC-HPLC and detected by the universal Corona charged aerosol detector.