AN351: Rapid Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Biosolids and Waste Samples Using Accelerated Solvent Extraction

Instrument Type: Automated Sample Prep

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were developed in the early 1970s and are used as flame retardants for various consumer products, including clothing, furniture, and plastics. Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE), introduced in 1995, was EPA approved under method 3545A and has proven to be a valuable technique for environmental laboratories. In this application note, PBDEs were extracted from human breast milk (freeze dried), sediments, fish tissues, and polymers using ASE.

AN1112: Determination of Anions in Breast Milk

Instrument Type: ICMS

Breast milk is the primary source of nutrition for newborns before they are able to eat and digest other foods, so there is a close correlation between breast milk quality and infant health. In addition to proteins and vitamins, the ionic elements such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and nitrate in breast milk also are important for infant health. However, consumption of breast milk that contains a high concentration of these ions could lead to health issues. IC is an efficient means to determine anions. An ICS-6000 can be used for this application.

CAN119: Determination of Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Breast Milk by HPAE-PAD with On-Line Sample Cleanup

Instrument Type: IC

In this study, a method for quantification of six human milk oligosaccharides, namely 2'-fucosyllactose, 3`-fucosyllactose, 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, lacto-N-tetraose, and lacto-N-neotetraose in breast milk has been developed and validated. The method is based on the HPAE-PAD technique for carbohydrate determinations without sample derivatization. With an on-line sample cleanup using a polymeric reversed-phase column, a “dilute-and-shoot” sample preparation scheme was applied, which significantly reduces sample handling time and therefore increases sample throughput.